What happens in the brain in dental phobics after psychological interventions?
Main Article Content
Abstract
Patients with a dental phobia (DP) are suffering from a disproportional fear of (invasive) dental procedures characterized by the severity of their psychological and physiological symptoms. The phobic stimulus is avoided. To find an effective method of treating the severe dental anxiety in these patients is thus highly relevant to prevent avoidance behavior and the resulting lack of dental care.
In this review, we discuss evidence on the effectiveness of psychological treatments of dental phobias. Special emphasis was given on dental hypnosis, virtual reality exposure therapy and meditation. We critically discussed the efficacy of these treatments and -provided studies when available- on the effects of the treatments on inhibiting the reaction of the fear circuitry structures in the human brain.
Article Details
How to Cite
HALSBAND, Ulrike; MEISSNER, Jessica Valentine; WOLF, Thomas Gerhard.
What happens in the brain in dental phobics after psychological interventions?.
Medical Research Archives, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 10, oct. 2017.
ISSN 2375-1924.
Available at: <https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/1560>. Date accessed: 24 apr. 2024.
Section
Research Articles
The Medical Research Archives grants authors the right to publish and reproduce the unrevised contribution in whole or in part at any time and in any form for any scholarly non-commercial purpose with the condition that all publications of the contribution include a full citation to the journal as published by the Medical Research Archives.
References
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1. Stouthard MEA, Hoogstraten J. Prevalence of dental anxiety in the Netherlands. Commun. Dent. Oral. 1990;18(3):139-42.
2. Raghav K, Van Wijk AJ, Abdullah F, Islam N, Bernatchez M, deJongh A. Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for treatment of dental phobia: a randomized trial. BMC Oral Health. 2016;16:25. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s12903-016-0186-z.
3. Enkling N, Marwinski G, Joehren P. Dental anxiety in a representative sample of residents of a large German city. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10(1):84–91.
4. Jöhren P, Sartory G. Zahnbehandlungsangst-Zahnbehand-lungsphobie: Atiologie, Diagnose, Therapie. Hannover: Schlütersche; 2002.
5. Berggren, U, Meynert G. Dental fear and avoidance: causes, symptoms, and consequences. J Am Dent Assoc. 1984;109(2):247-51.
6. Erten H, Akarslan ZZ, Bodrumlu E. Dental fear and anxiety levels of patients attending a dental clinic. Quintessence International. 2006;37(4):304–10.
7. Öst LG, Hugdahl K. Acquisition of blood and dental phobia and anxiety response in clinical patients. Behav Res Ther. 1985;23(1):27–34.
8. Van Houtem CMH, Aartman IHA, Boomsma DI, Ligthart L, Visscher CM, deJongh A. Is dental phobia a blood injury injection phobia? Depress Anxiety. 2014;31(12):1026-34.
9. Oosterink FMD, de Jongh A, Aartman IHA. What are people afraid of during dental treatment? Anxiety-provoking capacity of 67 stimuli characteristic of the dental setting. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 2008;116:44–51.
10. Caseras X, Mataix-Cols D, Trasovares MV, López-Solà M, Ortriz H, Pujol J, Soriano-Mas C, Giampietro V, Brammer MJ, Torrubi R (2010a) Dynamics of brain responses to phobic-related stimulation in specific phobia subtypes. Eur J Neurosci. 2010 Oct 8;32(8):1414-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07424.x.
11. Halsband U, Wolf TG. Functional changes in brain activity after hypnosis in patients with dental phobia. J. Physiol. Paris. 2016;109(4-6):131-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2016.10.001.
12. Hilbert K, Evens R, Maslowski NI, Wittchen HU, Lueken U. Fear processing in dental phobia during crossmodal symptom provocation: an fMRI study. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/196353.
13. Hilbert K, Evens R, Maslowski NI, Wittchen HU, Lueken U. Neurostructural correlates of two subtypes of specific phobia: a voxel-based morphometry study. Psychiatr. Res. 2015;231(2):168-75.
14. Lueken U, Kruschwitz JD, Muehlhan M, Siegert J, Hoyer J, Wittchen HU. How specific is specific phobia? Different neural response patterns in two subtypes of specific phobia. NeuroImage. 2011 May 1;56(1):363-72.
15. Lueken U, Hoyer J, Siegert J, Gloster AT, Wittchen HU. Symptom provocation in dental anxiety using cross-phobic video stimulation. Eur. J. Oral Sci. 2011 Jan 28;119(1):61-8.
16. Lueken U, Hilbert K, Stolyar V, Maslowski NI, Beesdo-Baum K, Wittchen HU. Neural substrates of defensive reactivity in two subtypes of specific phobia. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 2014;9(11):1668-75.
17. Scharmueller W, Wabnegger A, Schienle A. Functional brain connectivity during fear of pain: a comparison between dental phobics and controls. Brain Connect. 2015;5(3):187-91.
18. Schienle A, Scharmueller W, Leutgeb V, Schaefer A, Stark R. Sex differences in the functional and structural neuroanatomy of dental phobia. Brain Struct Funct. 2013;218(3):779-87.
19. Muensterkoetter A, Notzon S, Redlich R, Grotegerd D, Dohm K, Arolt V, Kugel H, Zwanzger P, Dannloswki U. Spider or no spider? Neural correlates of sustained and phasic fear in spider phobia. Depress Anxiety. 2015;32(9):656-63.
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